Question 1

What does ‘ballast’ mean?

Accepted Answer

In the context of construction and civil engineering, ballast generally refers to a granular, coarse aggregate composed of gravel, crushed stone, or a mix of both, often combined with sand to improve stability and drainage. It plays a crucial role in supporting structures, stabilising foundations, and ensuring effective water drainage across various projects. There are different types of ballast tailored to specific jobs.

The most common types include crushed stone ballast, which is extensively used in railway track beds and road construction due to its high load-bearing capacity and stability. Another key type is sand and gravel mixtures, often utilised in creating concrete, stabilising sub-bases for paving, or filling trench supports. Proper selection of ballast type and quality is essential for structural integrity, longevity, and efficient water management in construction projects.

Question 2

How much ballast do I need?

Accepted Answer

The quantity of ballast required depends on the size of your project and the specific mix ratio used. As a general guide, for a typical concrete or mortar, a 5:1 to 8:1 ratio of ballast to cement by volume is common. To estimate the total amount needed, measure your project's area and depth, then calculate the volume. Convert this to weight using the bulk density of your chosen ballast. For example, a standard driveway or foundation requiring about 100mm depth across 100m² would typically need between 1 to 2 tonnes of ballast. Precise calculation ensures efficiency, reducing waste and ensuring you purchase enough material for a durable, level base.

Question 3

What is the difference between ballast and MOT Type 1?

Accepted Answer

Although both materials are granular aggregates used in sub-base layers, they differ significantly in standards and application. Ballast is a general term for crushed stone or gravel that can be employed in various construction tasks, including basic sub-bases, landscaping, or drainage, often without specific quality requirements. Conversely, MOT Type 1 is a specially tested, quality-assured material designed for high-stress applications such as highway foundations, large load-bearing bases, and critical infrastructure projects. MOT Type 1 meets strict government standards for size, cleanliness, and compaction, providing greater consistency, safety, and compliance for demanding construction environments.

Ballast

Ballast 20mm Bulk Bag

All In Ballast 25kg Bag

20mm All In Ballast 40kg

Jewson Ballast 10mm - Large Bulk Bag 800kg

Sand and Gravel Mixed Bulk Bag

20mm Ballast Large Bag

Ballast 20mm Standard Bag